The ecological environment Internet of Things is currently the largest Internet of Things in the country. As 5G gradually becomes commercially available, its characteristics of high bandwidth, low latency and large connections will further promote the advancement of various sensor technologies and expand the scope of applications in the field of ecological environment.
Through the construction of the information system, the “most powerful brain of the ecological environment” will be built, allowing the informationization of the ecological environment to enter the era of “intelligent ecological environment” governance innovation with real-time, full-scale, and network-wide data.
The combination of intelligent technology and environmental protection industry not only effectively supports ecological environment work, but also breeds huge industrial opportunities. It is estimated that by 2020, the market size will be nearly 100 billion yuan. Among them, the Internet of Things industry has the largest demand, accounting for more than 60%.
At present, IoT technology is the most widely and deeply used in the field of ecological environment. It is mainly used in environmental monitoring, including automatic monitoring of pollution sources, online monitoring of environmental quality, and environmental satellite remote sensing. Among them, automatic monitoring of pollution sources refers to the installation of automatic monitoring equipment in important pollutant-discharging enterprises. Online monitoring of environmental quality mainly includes automatic monitoring of air quality, key monitoring of water quality, automatic monitoring of environmental noise, etc. Environmental satellite remote sensing mainly uses thermal infrared cameras and ultrasonic cameras. Various remote sensing detection equipment such as spectral imagers monitor dynamic changes in the regional ecological environment.
New applications of IoT technology in the field of ecological environment are also constantly emerging. For example, the big IoT vehicle-mounted system places a front-end monitor at the roof light of each taxi, which can collect and upload data at a frequency of 3 seconds/time. Through year-on-year and month-on-month analysis, it can rank roads on a daily, weekly, and monthly basis and map urban roads. Dynamic graphs make data “alive” and present the pollution dynamics in areas around urban roads. This technology is currently in use in Tongzhou, Beijing and other areas.
Technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence will have broad prospects in the field of ecological environment. At present, there is still a lot of room for the accuracy and breadth of ecological environment monitoring, including the technical level, cost, operation and maintenance capabilities of sensor equipment, which need to be continuously improved. At the same time, big data applications based on a large amount of automatically acquired data are currently very limited, but prediction, early warning, and accurate judgment in the field of ecological environment require effective support from big data and artificial intelligence technology.
It is understood that the Ministry of Ecology and Environment is carrying out the design work of the ecological environment information system. In the preliminary information system design plan, the ecological environment information system will build an ecological environment Internet of Things with high-precision three-dimensional perception of ecological environment changes, and a fixed and mobile, high-speed network that spans the country’s ecological environment field. , visible and intelligent ecological environment business private network, a unified cloud platform that supports rapid application development, data sharing and exchange, business collaborative interaction, and big data applications, a set of ecological environment data that covers the whole country and is the only reliable data, and a set of ecological environment data that meets the needs of cross-border A “big system” for business collaboration between departments, cross-levels and cross-regions in ecological and environmental departments, a “virtual space map” that dynamically reflects the reality of ecological environment and simulates and predicts trends, and a “one door” for ecological and environmental services relying on the national government service platform “.
In short, through the construction of the informatization system, the “most powerful brain of the ecological environment” will be built, allowing the informatization of the ecological environment to enter the era of “intelligent ecological environment” governance innovation based on real-time, full-volume, and network-wide data, providing a solid foundation for fighting the battle against pollution. Strong support.
However, it should be noted that at present, there are still some problems and difficulties that need to be overcome in the field of ecological environment, mainly including the application system being “small, scattered and numerous”, and the implementation of information-related specifications and standards has not been consistent from top to bottom, resulting in data uniqueness and usability. Serious deficiencies, big data applications are limited, and decision-making support capabilities cannot meet the needs of ecological and environmental work. In addition, data interaction and sharing between the state and local governments, and between local and local ecological environment departments is not smooth, and the level of business collaboration is low, making it impossible to meet the needs of management services with outstanding cross-regional characteristics.
The construction of ecological environment informatization should be carried out with the collection, transmission, processing, analysis, application and display of ecological environment data as the main line. According to the unified ecological environment information resource directory, a corresponding ecological environment database should be built hierarchically and classified, with the ecological environment business private network as the main line. Relying on the ecological environment data sharing service platform, we can quickly realize cross-regional, cross-department, and cross-level data exchange and sharing.