With the introduction of the concept of the Internet of Everything, the Internet of Things is becoming more and more known to the public, and there are more and more professional terms related to it. Therefore, this article has compiled some professional terms related to the Internet of Things to help everyone better understand the Internet of Things.
1. IOT (The Internet of things, Internet of Things)
The Internet of Things is an important part of the new generation of information technology. As the name suggests, the Internet of Things is the Internet where things are connected. This has two meanings:
First, the core and foundation of the Internet of Things is still the Internet, which is an extension and expansion of the Internet;
Second, its user end extends and expands to exchange information and communicate between any items.
Therefore, the definition of the Internet of Things is to connect any item to the Internet through radio frequency identification (RFID), infrared sensors, global positioning systems, laser scanners and other information sensing equipment according to the agreed protocol for information exchange and communication. A network to realize intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management of items.
2. IOA (Internet of agriculture, agricultural Internet of Things)
The agricultural Internet of Things refers to the Internet of Things that participates in automatic control through real-time display of various instruments or as parameters of automatic control. It can provide scientific basis for precise control of greenhouses to achieve the purpose of increasing production, improving quality, adjusting the growth cycle, and improving economic benefits.
The general application of the agricultural Internet of Things is to form a monitoring network with a large number of sensor nodes, and collect information through various sensors to help farmers find problems in time and accurately determine the location of the problem. In this way, agriculture will gradually shift from being human-centered to relying on The production model of isolated machinery has shifted to a production model centered on information and software, thus making extensive use of various automated, intelligent, and remote-controlled production equipment.
3. IIOT (Industrial Internet of Things, Industrial Internet of Things)
The Industrial Internet of Things continuously integrates various collection and control sensors or controllers with sensing and monitoring capabilities, as well as mobile communications, intelligent analysis and other technologies into all aspects of the industrial production process, thereby greatly improving manufacturing efficiency, improving product quality, and reducing product costs. costs and resource consumption, and ultimately upgrade traditional industries to a new stage of intelligence.
In terms of application form, the application of the Industrial Internet of Things has the characteristics of real-time, automation, embedded (software), security, and information interconnection.
4. GPRS (General packet radio service, general wireless packet service)
GPRS is a wireless packet switching technology based on the GSM system, providing end-to-end, wide-area wireless IP connections. Compared with the original GSM dial-up circuit-switched data transmission method, GPRS is a packet switching technology that has the advantages of real-time online, pay-as-you-go billing, quick login, high-speed transmission, and free switching. In layman’s terms, GPRS is a high-speed data processing technology that transmits data to users in the form of “packets”. GPRS is a 2.5-generation communication technology that transitions from GSM network to the third-generation mobile communication system. It has significant advantages in many aspects.
5. NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things, narrowband Internet of Things)
NB-IoT is an important branch of the Internet of Everything. It is built on the cellular network and only consumes approximately 180kHz of bandwidth. It can be directly deployed on the GSM network, UMTS network or LTE network to reduce deployment costs and achieve smooth upgrades.
It is an emerging technology in the IoT field that supports cellular data connections of low-power devices in wide area networks, also called low-power wide area networks (LPWAN). NB-IoT supports efficient connection of devices with long standby time and high network connection requirements. It is said that NB-IoT device battery life can be improved by at least 10 years, while also providing very comprehensive indoor cellular data connection coverage.
6. RS485 (TIA-485-A, ANSI/TIA/EIA-485 or TIA/EIA-485)
RS485 is a standard that defines the electrical characteristics of drivers and receivers in balanced digital multipoint systems, defined by the Telecommunications Industry Association and the Electronic Industries Alliance. Digital communication networks using this standard can effectively transmit signals over long distances and in environments with high electronic noise. RS-485 enables connection to local networks as well as the configuration of multi-drop communications links.
In the RS485 communication network, the master-slave communication method is generally used, that is, one host has multiple slaves.
7. Analog quantity (0-5V, 0-10V, 4-20mA signal output)
Analog quantity refers to the quantity of a variable that changes continuously within a certain range; that is, it can take any value (within the value range) within a certain range (definition domain). Digital quantities are discrete quantities, not continuously changing quantities, and can only take on several discrete values. For example, a binary digital variable can only take on two values.
8. Transducer/Sensor (sensor)
It is a detection device that can sense the measured information and convert the sensed information into electrical signals or other required forms of information output according to certain rules to meet the needs of information transmission, processing, storage, display, Recording and control requirements.
The characteristics of sensors include: miniaturization, digitization, intelligence, multi-function, systematization and networking. It is the primary link to realize automatic detection and automatic control. The existence and development of sensors give objects senses such as touch, taste, and smell, making objects slowly become alive. It is usually divided into ten categories according to its basic sensing functions: heat sensor, light sensor, gas sensor, force sensor, magnetic sensor, moisture sensor, sound sensor, radiation sensor, color sensor and taste sensor. .