Foreword:
Currently, with the mature application of mobile communication technology and the continuous update and development of Internet information technology, digitization, automation, and intelligence are changing the way we work, live, and learn. Especially in the construction of digital oil fields, the automation of oil field production management can greatly reduce employee labor intensity, improve production efficiency, and improve the quality and efficiency of enterprises. Now, with the help of RTU (remote control terminal), it is possible to realize automated management and unattended management of oil production wells, water injection wells, metering rooms, and power operations, which will help accelerate the construction process of the oil and gas production Internet of Things (A11) system.
1. Introduction to RTU (Remote Control Terminal)
RTU (remote control terminal) is the abbreviation of REMOTETERMINALUNIT. It is mainly used for monitoring, control and data collection of production site equipment. Because RTU has large data storage capacity, convenient communication functions and strong ability to adapt to severe cold and hot environments, and provides a variety of programming functions, especially today with the rapid development of information technology and network technology, RTU can be more convenient and faster Suitable for many production fields. For example, RTU can cover bottom-up automated control applications from oil wellheads, metering rooms, joint stations to production dispatching command centers.
2. Two common ways to use RTU
2.1 RTU’s GPRS data collection RTU transmits production data to the server of the dispatch center through the GPRS wireless network, realizing remote, transparent and real-time transmission of data. It has the advantages of always online and automatic reconnection. It can be directly connected through the serial port with various devices that require remote wireless communication, such as intelligent instruments, PLC and other devices. It can also implement free protocols with various configuration software. GPRS data collection is accurate and has strong anti-interference, effectively solving the data collection problem at the production site.
2.2 RTU channel alarm and short message linkage
By configuring the alarm and SMS reminder linkage function of the device on the user side, the user can set one or more types of alarm limits. As long as the measured value exceeds the set alarm limit, the preset mobile phone user can be informed. By sending alarm text messages, users can learn about each alarm situation in a timely manner, effectively eliminating fearful losses and adverse consequences caused by dangerous situations.
3. Application of RTU in oil fields
3.1 Application of RTU in oil production wells
In oil field production, the most important thing is the oil production wells, which are mostly distributed in various oil production well fields far apart. Timely and accurate monitoring and control of the working conditions of each well is one of the most basic and important tasks of the frontline oil production team. At present, the daily inspection method of oil fields still adopts common manual inspection, which is easily affected by external factors, such as rain, snow and other bad weather, resulting in untimely inspections and low accuracy of data collection, making it impossible to grasp the well site in a timely manner. The well conditions of oil production wells and supporting adjustment measures cannot be followed up in time, which affects the normal production of oil fields. As the level of oilfield information construction continues to improve, automated equipment can be used to collect and control the well conditions and production parameters of oil pumping wells. RTU has powerful computing power, good environmental adaptability, and multiple communication interfaces, making it an irreplaceable product in oilfield production automation equipment. As the control core of the oil pumping unit, RTU plays a real-time role in supervising and controlling the work of the oil pumping unit. RTU can realize the following functions in oil pumping wells.
3.1.1 Realize the drawing of production dynamic diagram
According to the production requirements, various production data at the wellhead of the oil pumping well can be collected in real time and drawn into an oil well performance diagram, which can be used as a basis for analyzing and diagnosing the operating conditions of the pumping well.
3.1.2 Realize intelligent control of production equipment
By automatically collecting real-time data parameters such as oil pressure, casing pressure, and current, the operating status of the pumping unit such as start and stop can be monitored in a timely manner to achieve real-time control of the production site and remotely control the operating status of the pumping unit according to the actual needs of production scheduling.
3.1.3 Achieve efficient and energy-saving equipment operation
According to the water content of the oil produced by the oil well, the rotation speed, stroke frequency and other parameters of the pumping unit can be automatically adjusted and controlled, so that the pumping unit can operate in the most reasonable working condition, reduce losses, improve efficiency, and achieve energy saving effects.
3.1.4 Implement intelligent early warning function
By analyzing the oil well diagram, the current working conditions of the oil well are analyzed, such as leakage, rod detachment, sand production, wax deposits, etc., and the wellhead packing oil leakage, oil rod stuck, broken rod, etc. of the pumping unit are analyzed. Remote shutdown operation realizes the safety protection of equipment such as oil pumping units.
3.2 Application of RTU in metering room
Each metering room in oil field production is mainly used to collect the crude oil produced by each oil well, and at the same time, separate the oil and gas, measure the crude oil, and heat the crude oil produced by each oil well. In addition, the metering room is also responsible for the management of water injection wells. The RTU installed in the metering room measures the temperature, pressure and other parameters of each manifold and issues water injection instructions to each automatic water injection valve to realize automatic water injection of the water injection well. The metering room RTU also needs to complete the water mixing control of each oil well. Due to weather and process reasons, Daqing Oilfield needs to add hot water to crude oil to ensure the fluidity of the crude oil. The RTU needs to add an appropriate amount of hot water to the crude oil manifold according to the set working temperature to ensure the temperature of the crude oil. Through the automatic control of RTU, the goal of medium and small stations being unattended and large stations being less attended is finally achieved.
3.3 Application of RTU in power system
The power system is an important part of the oilfield production system. Its safe, stable and efficient operation is an important guarantee for oilfield production. Currently, as oilfield production places higher and higher demands on power systems, managers have increasingly higher requirements for monitoring and control of power systems. RTU equipment collects real-time data of power equipment and accurately executes control and dispatch instructions. Its advantages and functions are increasingly widely recognized. It can be said that it is one of the indispensable means to achieve safe, reliable and smooth operation of oilfield power systems. one.
RTU serves as the basic equipment of the power dispatch automation system. It combines transmission lines, substations, etc. distributed in different places in the oil field power system into an efficient and organic whole, and carries out unified power production and dispatching command. With the help of RTU, the operating status and working condition characteristics of each operating electrical equipment in the power system are dynamically monitored and controlled in real time to achieve efficient and smooth operation of the oilfield power system, and ultimately achieve automation and intelligence with no one (or few people) on duty. Scheduling management objectives.
4. Application prospects
As an efficient and reliable remote automation control equipment, RTU has broad application space in the field of oil field production. The large-scale application of RTU in oilfield production can effectively reduce the labor intensity of employees, improve the automation of oilfield production management, and improve production efficiency. In the future, with the further development of communication technology, especially the widespread application of wireless communication technology, the connection between RTU and equipment and instruments will become simpler, and RTU will also play a greater role in the construction of digital oil fields.
5. Conclusion
RTU (Remote Control Terminal), with its good scalability, powerful storage capacity and strong adaptability, provides guarantee for accelerating the automation construction of oilfield production management. In the future, with the rapid development of oilfield Internet of Things technology and wireless network communication technology, the communication method between RTU and wellhead equipment will gradually transform from wired transmission to wireless network transmission, which will make the implementation of oilfield automation construction simpler and more efficient. , the level of oilfield automation management will also be greatly improved.
Keywords: Oilfield RTU