Although the development and application of Internet of Things technology have grown rapidly in recent years, theoretical research on the Internet of Things is still in the development stage. As a typical information and communication system, the Internet of Things not only has the information storage and transmission capabilities of the existing Internet, but also has the ability to store and transmit items. Automatic collection and processing capabilities of information. Building an Internet of Things information model is an effective method to analyze the characteristic capabilities of the Internet of Things. According to the International Telecommunication Union’s definition and characteristic description of the Internet of Things, by using a unified modeling language to build an Internet of Things information model, Analyzed and verified the item-related capabilities, autonomous operation capabilities and privacy protection capabilities of the Internet of Things, discussed the guiding conclusions of the Internet of Things information model in the Internet of Things technical standards, and analyzed the use of the Internet of Things information model in discussing controversial Internet of Things concepts. or application value in terms of ideas.
Abstract: While the technical development and app
lications of the Internet of things (IoT) grow rapidly in recent years, the theoretical research of the IoT is still in the developing stage. The IoT is a typical information and communication system. It possesses not only the capabilities of storing and transferring information as with the existing Internet, but also the capabilities of automatic and processing the information of things. The IoT information modeling is an effective capturing method to analyze the characteristic capabilities of the IoT. In this paper, an information model of the IoT is described by unified modeling language according to the definition and characteristics of the IoT specified by International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The capabilities of things association, autonomic operation, and privacy protection are analyzed and validated based on the information model of the IoT. The conclusions of guiding the standardization of the IoT technology from the information model of the IoT are discussed, and the values of the IoT information model in resolving the issues of debated concepts or opinions of the IoT are analyzed.
The emergence of the Internet of things (IoT) can be traced back to 1998, when the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) proposed product electronic coding based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. (electronic product code, referred to as EPC) system. In 2005, the International Telecommunication Union (International Telecommunication Union, referred to as ITU) released the “ITU Internet Report 2005: Internet of Things” [1], which systematically expounded the basic concepts and related information of the Internet of Things. Technology, potential markets, challenges and possible impacts on future global economic and social development have officially revealed the inevitable trend of the development of Internet of Things technology to the world.
The Internet of Things can easily be interpreted literally as a network connecting things. The Internet of Things is actually the abbreviation of the Internet of Things. It must have the functional characteristics of the Internet and be used to form a global information infrastructure that connects things. According to this definition, there is currently no There is no real Internet of Things, and some existing networks connecting things should be accurately called the Intranet of things [2].
After domestic and foreign research and technical standardization work on the Internet of Things in recent years, the definition and basic characteristics of the Internet of Things have been basically clear, and a consensus has been reached within a certain range. It is relatively representative in the field of Internet of Things research and technical standardization internationally. The work includes: In September 2010, the Internet of things architecture (IoT-A) project was launched by well-known enterprises, research institutions and universities in the field of European information technology and funded by the European Union; in March 2011 , the “Internet of things global standards initiative (IoT-GSI)” project initiated by the International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) in June 2012. The first proposal on technical standards for the Internet of Things – Overview of the Internet of Things [3] was officially published, which defined the Internet of Things as a global information infrastructure that connects items, and clarified the characteristics of item-related services as well as autonomous networking, autonomous High-level needs such as service provision and privacy protection. IoT-A officially released the final research report on the Internet of Things architecture reference model in July 2013 [4], which clarified the architectural methods that need to be solved in the development process of Internet of Things technology. The core issues and phased research results on the Internet of Things architecture reference model are put forward, and the ideas and preliminary results of systematically researching and formulating the Internet of Things architecture reference model from the Internet of Things domain model, information model, communication model, functional model, and deployment model are proposed. .These standard recommendations and technical reports provide many topics worthy of in-depth study for theoretical research on the Internet of Things.
We usually believe that in order to systematically solve the problems of interconnection, interoperability and interoperability in the development process of Internet of Things technology and applications, the standardization of Internet of Things technology must be achieved. Just like computer network standardization technology must rely on open system interconnection (open System interconnection (OSI) reference model [5], the standardization technology of the Internet of Things must rely on the Internet of Things reference model. Some experts question: Why cannot the existing OSI reference model or Internet architecture be used as the reference model of the Internet of Things? ?This is also a question worth studying. According to the research conclusion of IoT-A [4], the Internet of Things involves the collection, storage, fusion, transmission and processing of item data. The existing OSI reference model and Internet architecture only involve To transparently transmit data, it only provides a communication model, which cannot meet the needs of the Internet of Things for item data collection and processing. Therefore, in order to formulate accurate Internet of Things technical standards that meet application needs, it is necessary to theoretically study the Internet of Things Information model, functional model and deployment model.
Domestic and foreign scholars have carried out relevant research on the construction of Internet of Things information models. Literature [6] defines the item model from three aspects: domain attributes, time attributes and location attributes, and on this basis defines the item model including the entity model, Resource model and information model of Internet of Things services, but this Internet of Things information model is only used in sensor network-related applications. Literature [7] discusses the ideas and methods of Internet of Things modeling, and proposes an autonomous feature-based, A service entity model that allows smart items to be interconnected, interoperable, and capable of self-organization and autonomy. This service entity model is only a conceptual level model, and its reference value for Internet of Things technology and application development needs further discussion. Document [ 8] discussed the sensor search technology from the perspective of the IoT architecture of sensing as a service, trying to directly query the sensor from the scene perception model. This work involves a more specific IoT modeling method, which reflects the IoT from a certain perspective. The practical application value of the Internet of Things information model. Literature [9] reviews the service-oriented IoT architecture and its key technologies from the perspective of the development of industrial applications of the Internet of Things. Literature [10] introduces a new IoT architecture model that uses semantics The fusion architecture encapsulates the processing information from the sensor network. Literature [11] proposes an IoT gateway reference model that integrates multiple different networks as an agent. Literature [12] introduces an IoT communication protocol stack to meet The Internet of Things requires low power consumption, high reliability and interoperability with the Internet. Literature [13] summarizes the existing Internet engineering task force (IETF) protocol clusters and open standards that support Internet of Things communication. Overall Look, although IoT-A clearly puts forward the necessity of research on the Internet of Things information model and proposes the Internet of Things information model, there are currently relatively few research results related to the Internet of Things information model that can be found at home and abroad. Therefore, the Internet of Things Information models deserve further research and exploration in academia and industry.